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RRaubach
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Loc: Douglas (Converse County),WY
Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?!
      #875822 - 03/18/06 02:02 PM

I just received my SQM from Unihedron yesterday. Fortunately these were no clouds early last night, so I took it out as soon as I could see some stars in the twilight skies, and every 15 minutes therafter until the predicted clouds showed up at ~8:30 P.M.

The meter reads out in magnitude per arc sec (squared). I have nothig at all for comparison at this point.

My initial reading was 20-something, but the twilight was still pretty strong. I got to 21.61 as my last reading before the weather put a halt to my antics.

Why don't we get some comparisons started here?



--------------------
Rodger

Meade SN-10 (UHTC) on Tak EM-200 mount/Antares rotating rings. Moonlite focuser.
Parallax 14.5" Newtonian on HD 200 mount (arriving soon!) w/ conical Royce mirror.
TMB 203 f/7 APO refractor on Tak NJP-160 mount.
Discovery 12.5" PDHQ
Schneider 18x80 "Flakfernrohr" binoculars/tripod mounted. Canon 15x50 IS binoculars
Unihedron Sky Quality Meter


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SaberScorpX
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: RRaubach]
      #875897 - 03/18/06 03:07 PM Attachment (68 downloads)

Consider yourself blessed.
I can only dream of 21.61

17.0 poor urban skies
18.0 good urban skies/poor suburban skies
19.0 fairly good suburban skies
20.0 very good suburban skies
21.0 typical rural skies
22.0 ideal dark sky site



Stephen Saber (17-something)
PAC/Astronomical League
http://www.geocities.com/saberscorpx/home.html


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RRaubach
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: SaberScorpX]
      #875900 - 03/18/06 03:11 PM

This was by no means typical--I've seen my skies LOTS darker. I will be taking my sky meter to Chaco Canyon this coming Memorial Day weekend; then we'll see what this puppy can really do.

--------------------
Rodger

Meade SN-10 (UHTC) on Tak EM-200 mount/Antares rotating rings. Moonlite focuser.
Parallax 14.5" Newtonian on HD 200 mount (arriving soon!) w/ conical Royce mirror.
TMB 203 f/7 APO refractor on Tak NJP-160 mount.
Discovery 12.5" PDHQ
Schneider 18x80 "Flakfernrohr" binoculars/tripod mounted. Canon 15x50 IS binoculars
Unihedron Sky Quality Meter


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Alvin Huey
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: RRaubach]
      #876605 - 03/19/06 01:15 AM

I'll do the same at my sites. I'm stoked on what it will do for me/us. I bought it so I can have a more accurate number as sometimes I think it is something, but it may be something else as the source of variablity is me! I don't think the SQM would lie.

--------------------
Clear Skies,
Alvin #26
22" f/4.1 reflector, Takahashi TOA-130S on AP1200GTO (just sold), 30" f/4.3 StarMaster and Antares 6" f/6.5 on Orion SVP
FaintFuzzies | TAC | TAC-Sac


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Starman1
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Alvin Huey]
      #877557 - 03/19/06 06:58 PM

Here are some earlier posts on this meter:
1
2
3
4
5
That last one also links to my review of the SQM that is here on Cloudy Nights.
We're used to seeing magnitude expressed in magnitudes per square arc-minute (13.8, 14.0, etc.), and you can easily convert back and forth.
Here's a conversion formula:
brightness in magnitudes per square arc second =mag. per square arc-min.+(2.512 X log (2827.4 x max.size x min size in minutes)). Leave out the size, and you convert the figure to total brightness. Include the size, and you calculate surface brightness.
This formula will allow conversion of magnitude figures in mag. per square arc minute to magnitudes per square arc-sec.
Some notes:
Most sizes quoted in books are to the magnitude 25.0 isophote (line of equal brightness), so the galaxies are often quoted as larger than we can see.
Because night sky brightness is additive, we can see fainter things than the brightness of the night sky (through a telescope). Our night sky doesn't get darker than 22.0, yet big scopes can easily see to the mag.25.0 isophote.
My home in LA = mag.17.5 on average, 17.88 best case.
My site at Mt. Pinos = 21.35 on average, 21.5 best case.
My site in the desert = 21.6 on average, 21.7 best case.
It should be noted I have seen skies a lot darker than 21.7, but did not have an SQM to measure them. I believe that there are huge differences in the appearance of the sky with only 0.1 magnitude differences, and that clarity (the absence of aerosols in the atmosphere) makes an even more profound difference in the appearance of the sky, even when the SQM measures darkness the same.
So, the SQM ONLY measures darkness, not clarity. Your darkest reading would be when it is completely overcast, yet this is not appropriate for viewing.
It is when the darkness is profound AND the clarity of the air is also profound that we get those "special" nights.
If you get fantastic Seeing on the same night, write it down and remember it--you won't get many of them in your life.
[By the way, 21.61 is really dark. Most of the US doesn't have skies this dark--ever!]

--------------------
Don Pensack
12.5" Truss Dob, 5" Maksutov
Sustaining Lifetime IDA member, TeleVue junkie


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half meterAdministrator
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #879092 - 03/20/06 07:24 PM

My suburban backyard typically measures 17.8 - 18.9 mag/arcsec^2
(depending mostly on the presence of the Moon).

Visually, I estimate that my yard's limiting magnitude near zenith
is between 3.8 - 4.7.

--------------------
Gary


Collins I3 (Thin Film) Image Intensifying Eyepiece
Coronado Maxscope DS 90 <0.5A w/BF30
152 mm f/8 TMB/A&M Carbon Fiber APO; f/5 with 4" Borg ED Field Flattener/Reducer
20" Obsession/OMI Mirror/Servocat/Argo Navis
First Light for the 30" Obsession at BEOTS!


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Mr. Bill
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: RRaubach]
      #879892 - 03/21/06 11:10 AM

Quote:

I just received my SQM from Unihedron yesterday. Fortunately these were no clouds early last night, so I took it out as soon as I could see some stars in the twilight skies, and every 15 minutes therafter until the predicted clouds showed up at ~8:30 P.M.

The meter reads out in magnitude per arc sec (squared). I have nothig at all for comparison at this point.

My initial reading was 20-something, but the twilight was still pretty strong. I got to 21.61 as my last reading before the weather put a halt to my antics.

Why don't we get some comparisons started here?






Hi Rodger...

I get typically around 21.2 to 21.3 skies in my backyard here in rural NE calf.
On one exceptional night I saw 21.37.

Since the numbers are log, a few tenths is HUGE. Your skies are what I experienced last summer camping at 8600 feet in the White Mnts. outside Bishop, Calf. I got 21.7.

You need to get yourself some aperture......at least 20 inch.


--------------------
10x50 Fujinon FMT-SX binos
15x70 AP binos + Paragon p-mount
Oberwerk 100BT 45 degree + Hercules fork mount
120mm f/5 Orion achromat + Moonlite focuser
140mm f/5.7 Vixen NeoAchro Petzvel refractor
150mm f/6.5 Antares achromat
150mm f/8 homemade achromat....EE Barnard MW Sweeper
8 inch newt with f/5 Swayze mirror
10 inch f/4.7 Orion newt + Paracorr
15 inch f/5 Discovery split tube
35mm Pan, 26mm Nagler, 17mm Nagler, 13mm Ethos, 8mm Ethos

Member IDA



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RRaubach
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Mr. Bill]
      #880070 - 03/21/06 01:51 PM

Hi Bill and Don-

That reading that I reported was just from stepping out the door of the house onto the deck. There were some house lights on inside at the time. Now I'm excited about this sky quality issue! Those of us who post here regularly should make a point of including the SQM readings along with our observing reports.

I remembered that in Steve O'Meara's "Deep Sky Companions; The Messier Objects" that there was a blurb on sky brightness at Mauna Kea. It seems that I have skies similar to the average there. The best they recorded over a period of several years was ~ 21.8 m/arcsec(squared)

I have placed an order with Discovery for a 12.5" PDHQ Dob. This is my first step into Dob land. I'll keep ya posted!



--------------------
Rodger

Meade SN-10 (UHTC) on Tak EM-200 mount/Antares rotating rings. Moonlite focuser.
Parallax 14.5" Newtonian on HD 200 mount (arriving soon!) w/ conical Royce mirror.
TMB 203 f/7 APO refractor on Tak NJP-160 mount.
Discovery 12.5" PDHQ
Schneider 18x80 "Flakfernrohr" binoculars/tripod mounted. Canon 15x50 IS binoculars
Unihedron Sky Quality Meter


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novbabies
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #880075 - 03/21/06 01:57 PM

Hi Don!

Is there any direct relationship between mag/arcsec^2 and the light pollution maps on ClearSkyClock? I'm moving to an orange - yellow area soon...

--------------------
Good Seeing!

Mark

Orion 12" XTi f/4.9


VERY old Edmund 6" f/8 reflector
Assorted binoculars


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Starman1
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: novbabies]
      #880229 - 03/21/06 03:54 PM

Well, Danko tried to align the light pollution maps to the Bortle Scale and to mag./sq.arc-sec. When you click on the light pollution map tab, it takes you to a screen on the bottom of which is the Bortle Scale with colors and magnitudes.
There's a major flaw with the correspondence of the scales, however:
It neither takes into account altitude nor atmospheric aerosol content.
As I've opined elsewhere (see my article on Seeing and Transparency, and my recent posts), the darkness of the sky does NOT seem to really be an indicator of what you can see in a scope, AND it doesn't seem to correspond well to the Bortle scale without taking atmospheric aerosol content into account.
To wit:
--high altitude allows you to see fainter objects in a scope, for a given sky brightness, than a low altitude site.
--drier air allows fainter stars to be seen, regardless of sky brightness measurement.
--The Bortle scale seems to require both darkness AND transparency to see the features in the next better class (I was recently at a low-altitude site where the darkness measured 0.3 magnitudes darker than my high altitude site, but except for the very zenith, DSOs were harder to see because of extinction with decreasing altitude above the horizon).
--Water Vapor and dust in the atmosphere affects transparency more than darkness, yet relates more to what can be seen in a telescope.

So, were I to associate particular brightnesses of sky with the Bortle Scale (or the light pollution map colors), I'd have to list sky brightness and extinction (measured in tenths of a magnitude per air mass) characteristics in order to have a correspondence.

An example: Take two dark sites. Both measure 21.6 magnitudes per square arc-second at the zenith. But one has an extinction factor of 0.1 magnitudes, and the other an extinction factor of 0.5 magnitudes. The first site will only lose 1.0 magnitude at the horizon (10 air masses), while the other will lose 5 magnitudes. Both sites would seem to have identical light pollution map parameters, yet the second site would be horrible for viewing the Milky Way, or faint details in the sky, like the Zodiacal light, or the Gegenschein.
This was my experience recently at a site in the desert of SoCal. The zenith was very dark, but due to the low altitude and water vapor in the air, the extinction factor was much worse than I'm used to at 8400'. Objects at the zenith appeared normal to me, but objects anywhere else appeared muted, as if my scope were stopped down to a smaller aperture. Indeed, because of the extinction factor, it effectively was!

I think we need to have an easy way to measure the extinction factor. But, until we do, we can revel in those nights we get when it all comes together--Good Seeing, Good Transparency, and Low Sky Brightness (i.e.exceptional darkness).

--------------------
Don Pensack
12.5" Truss Dob, 5" Maksutov
Sustaining Lifetime IDA member, TeleVue junkie


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Mr. Bill
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #880294 - 03/21/06 04:34 PM

Yeah....
When that happens, you don't need the SQM to tell you "which way the winds blowing."
Apologies to B. Dylan.

--------------------
10x50 Fujinon FMT-SX binos
15x70 AP binos + Paragon p-mount
Oberwerk 100BT 45 degree + Hercules fork mount
120mm f/5 Orion achromat + Moonlite focuser
140mm f/5.7 Vixen NeoAchro Petzvel refractor
150mm f/6.5 Antares achromat
150mm f/8 homemade achromat....EE Barnard MW Sweeper
8 inch newt with f/5 Swayze mirror
10 inch f/4.7 Orion newt + Paracorr
15 inch f/5 Discovery split tube
35mm Pan, 26mm Nagler, 17mm Nagler, 13mm Ethos, 8mm Ethos

Member IDA



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Mr. Bill
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: RRaubach]
      #880327 - 03/21/06 04:57 PM

Quote:

Hi Bill and Don-

That reading that I reported was just from stepping out the door of the house onto the deck. There were some house lights on inside at the time. Now I'm excited about this sky quality issue! Those of us who post here regularly should make a point of including the SQM readings along with our observing reports.

I remembered that in Steve O'Meara's "Deep Sky Companions; The Messier Objects" that there was a blurb on sky brightness at Mauna Kea. It seems that I have skies similar to the average there. The best they recorded over a period of several years was ~ 21.8 m/arcsec(squared)

I have placed an order with Discovery for a 12.5" PDHQ Dob. This is my first step into Dob land. I'll keep ya posted!






Uhhh Ooo....you're on the slippery slide. A 30 inch is only a year off. Well, you can always use that 203 TMB as a finder.


--------------------
10x50 Fujinon FMT-SX binos
15x70 AP binos + Paragon p-mount
Oberwerk 100BT 45 degree + Hercules fork mount
120mm f/5 Orion achromat + Moonlite focuser
140mm f/5.7 Vixen NeoAchro Petzvel refractor
150mm f/6.5 Antares achromat
150mm f/8 homemade achromat....EE Barnard MW Sweeper
8 inch newt with f/5 Swayze mirror
10 inch f/4.7 Orion newt + Paracorr
15 inch f/5 Discovery split tube
35mm Pan, 26mm Nagler, 17mm Nagler, 13mm Ethos, 8mm Ethos

Member IDA



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RRaubach
AstroCowboy
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Loc: Douglas (Converse County),WY
Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Mr. Bill]
      #881427 - 03/22/06 01:03 PM

Last night I tried the SQM again under somewaht different conditions: snow on the ground and a LOT higher humidity/atmospheric moisture level. I found a reading of: 21.47. No clouds, temp ~28 deg F. I am now waiting for some bare ground and very dry conditions.



--------------------
Rodger

Meade SN-10 (UHTC) on Tak EM-200 mount/Antares rotating rings. Moonlite focuser.
Parallax 14.5" Newtonian on HD 200 mount (arriving soon!) w/ conical Royce mirror.
TMB 203 f/7 APO refractor on Tak NJP-160 mount.
Discovery 12.5" PDHQ
Schneider 18x80 "Flakfernrohr" binoculars/tripod mounted. Canon 15x50 IS binoculars
Unihedron Sky Quality Meter


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Carol L

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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: RRaubach]
      #882523 - 03/23/06 03:11 AM

This little contraption sounds like a lot of fun. I never observe anywhere other than my own land, though.. would it be a waste for me to get one? Btw, is there a way to translate the reading into an NELM, or is that a whole different animal?

--------------------
*Step-by-Step Lunar Sketching*
CN Gallery
Photo Gallery
8"SCT ~ 120achro ~ 90Mak ~ 80ST ~ 11x70s ~ 22x100s


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novbabies
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Carol L]
      #882619 - 03/23/06 06:42 AM

WOW ! You have some nice dark skies within 12 miles of you ! ! !

--------------------
Good Seeing!

Mark

Orion 12" XTi f/4.9


VERY old Edmund 6" f/8 reflector
Assorted binoculars


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Starman1
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Carol L]
      #882965 - 03/23/06 11:55 AM

Quote:

This little contraption sounds like a lot of fun. I never observe anywhere other than my own land, though.. would it be a waste for me to get one? Btw, is there a way to translate the reading into an NELM, or is that a whole different animal?




Because darkness and acuity of vision are not related, the answer would be no.

My recent acquisition of distance glasses that correct my vision to 20/05 allows me to see considerably fainter stars with the naked eye than I ever have seen in my entire life, even though I had 20/20 distance vision before.
I would usually be able to see the mag.6.2 star near Polaris (translating to 6.4 zenith) with averted vision, on the same night I'd see past magnitude 15.5 with my 8" scope. Moving backwards from the limiting scope magnitude to naked eye, I should have been able to see 7.5 with the naked eye. But I never could.

Now, I might be able to. I recently counted 12 stars in the Pleaides, naked eye.
So, I'm going to explore the AAVSO charts to see how faint I can see.
But, since visual acuity so radically determines how faint a star you can see (ostensibly by concentrating its light into a small point instead of a smear), darkness measurement will only allow fainter stars to be seen if one's vision is exemplary.

I once did a count of the stars in the Great Square of Pegasus to determine how faint I could see (from an old S&T article), and got to 6.5 on a night where a friend of mine couldn't reach mag.6.0. The sky was the same for us, yet the stars we could see were different. My vision proved better. A younger person with better vision would probably have seen even fainter stars.

But there are valid reasons for you to get a brightness measuring device:
--to measure changes over the years and compile data for your site
--to measure changes with solar cycle
--to correlate darkness with what you can see (NE or scope)
--to have a record of correspondence between darkness and observations (in your notes)
--to create a personal comparison between NELM and darkness
--to see if darkness and clarity (absence of aersosols in the air) correspond at your site.[they don't, at mine]
--to compare your readings with the light pollution maps
--to submit data to the light pollution map people to better simulate an accurate map in your area
--to provide you with non-subjective data
--to allow you to "tune" your observing session to better use your time (e.g.if the sky is a half magnitude brighter than normal, why seek the faintest galaxies your scope can see?)

To name a few (I also have a test report on Cloudy Nights you might read to get some ideas).

Now, of course, you can easily use math to convert brightness per square arc-second to brightness per square arc-minute (the more familiar figures), but how the brightness per square arc-minute compares to the naked-eye view is equally obtuse.

The brightness per square arc-second figures shown on the light pollution maps on the Clear Dark-Sky Clocks do not correspond to what I see because I observe at high altitude. They mention that the data is inaccurate for high altitude, but I think you cannot correspond the Bortle Scale to sky brightness without taking extinction into account. Two sites with the same sky brightness could have very different extinction coefficients, and this would result in the subjective Bortle Scale determinations being different for the two sites. Ergo, you cannot match brightness to the Bortle Scale, as they try to do in the maps, unless you can also add the figure for extinction.

It is possible to modify the SQM to measure extinction. I'm working on that modification now, and will post my results after more testing.

Don

--------------------
Don Pensack
12.5" Truss Dob, 5" Maksutov
Sustaining Lifetime IDA member, TeleVue junkie


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Mr. Bill
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #882999 - 03/23/06 12:21 PM

One of the weaknesses that the SQM has is that there is no way to check the calibration with an absolute source so that we all can be assured that we are on the same page when comparing numbers. We assume that all of these SQMs are calibrated to the same source initially by the seller.

Secondly, we have no assurance that there is stabiility in the measurements over time within each SQM. All solid state devices will drift over time. Another factor is temperture compensation, especially if there is an oscillator in the measurement process.

Also, what is the effect on low battery voltage on the measurement?

So there is a lot going on that can affect the readings over time. Its kind of like all synchronizing watches and depending on the time a year later to be the same.


--------------------
10x50 Fujinon FMT-SX binos
15x70 AP binos + Paragon p-mount
Oberwerk 100BT 45 degree + Hercules fork mount
120mm f/5 Orion achromat + Moonlite focuser
140mm f/5.7 Vixen NeoAchro Petzvel refractor
150mm f/6.5 Antares achromat
150mm f/8 homemade achromat....EE Barnard MW Sweeper
8 inch newt with f/5 Swayze mirror
10 inch f/4.7 Orion newt + Paracorr
15 inch f/5 Discovery split tube
35mm Pan, 26mm Nagler, 17mm Nagler, 13mm Ethos, 8mm Ethos

Member IDA



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RRaubach
AstroCowboy
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Carol L]
      #883034 - 03/23/06 12:40 PM

I really don't think any of us would be wasting our time or money on these devices. It also allows us to do a long term monitoring where we live, so we are able to start screaming about light pollution more effectively. Quantitation of a problem is always more effective than screaming and waving hands. Just my "take" on the issue.



--------------------
Rodger

Meade SN-10 (UHTC) on Tak EM-200 mount/Antares rotating rings. Moonlite focuser.
Parallax 14.5" Newtonian on HD 200 mount (arriving soon!) w/ conical Royce mirror.
TMB 203 f/7 APO refractor on Tak NJP-160 mount.
Discovery 12.5" PDHQ
Schneider 18x80 "Flakfernrohr" binoculars/tripod mounted. Canon 15x50 IS binoculars
Unihedron Sky Quality Meter


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RRaubach
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #883049 - 03/23/06 12:50 PM

Hi Don-

This is an interesting issue that you raise: visual acutity. My uncorrected vision is about 20/50, but with my latest set of eyglasses, I'm somewhere around 20/15. I should start making a comparison of my little dipper stars with the SQM. I usually see ~11 or 12 stars there. One of my winter landmarks is Orion. One of my
key" stars to be able to see is 52 Ori. If that is visible, all is not hopeless for DSO observing.

Yours was a very good post! Keep up these very thoughtful and informative posts, PLEASE!



P.S. Last night's SQM reading :21.58.

--------------------
Rodger

Meade SN-10 (UHTC) on Tak EM-200 mount/Antares rotating rings. Moonlite focuser.
Parallax 14.5" Newtonian on HD 200 mount (arriving soon!) w/ conical Royce mirror.
TMB 203 f/7 APO refractor on Tak NJP-160 mount.
Discovery 12.5" PDHQ
Schneider 18x80 "Flakfernrohr" binoculars/tripod mounted. Canon 15x50 IS binoculars
Unihedron Sky Quality Meter


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Starman1
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: RRaubach]
      #883243 - 03/23/06 03:01 PM

Unihedron says that if you narrow the cone of sky the SQM reads, you will get a figure that isn't really indicative of the brightness in the reduced area, but which can be compared with readings taken elsewhere in the sky.
In other words, say you measure your sky at the zenith as magnitude 21.5. Then, you take another measurement of the zenith with a toilet paper tube held in front of the sensor, and it reads 22.5. That doesn't mean the zenith is 22.5. But if you take another reading in the West, at an altitude of 45 degrees, using the same tube, and it reads 22.6, it DOES mean the western sky is 0.1 magnitudes darker than the zenith. In such a way, you could take spot readings at 45 degrees E, W, N, and S and get an idea of light pollution in each direction (I'm assuming it would also confirm what you see with your eyes).
You'd always have to take a zenithal reading to get the zenithal brightness as a base level.
You can't just tip the SQM toward a particular horizon, because the light cone measured is +/- 40 degrees from straight up, or an 80 degree light cone. And there's some input from even greater distances from the zenith. If you tipped the unit to point west at 45 degrees altitude, you could conceivably get too dark a reading due to having the ground intercept some of the light-sensing area (or too bright a reading if there's snow?).
But, as it is, the SQM is a very good way to judge your sky brightness. The wide light cone makes it relatively unsensitive to the passage of the Milky Way (I see variations of <0.1 magnitude), and that's a good thing.
But we all contend with directional light pollution, which is why I'm working on a good technique for measuring directional sky brightness.
Don

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Don Pensack
12.5" Truss Dob, 5" Maksutov
Sustaining Lifetime IDA member, TeleVue junkie


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Carol L

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Loc: Tomahawk, WI 45N//89W
Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #883450 - 03/23/06 05:36 PM

Thanks for the replies, and Don, thanks for the heads-up on your test report. Your third point Check from night to night and hour to hour to steer your observing session is one reason I'd like to get it. Also, I'm curious to see how the Aurora affects the readings.

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Starman1
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Carol L]
      #883511 - 03/23/06 06:17 PM

Carol,
Just remember, the darkest sky may be completely cloudy. If you're far from cities, clouds appear dark against the clear sky. Many clouds may get a darker reading from the SQM.
Accordingly, be sure all such comparisons are in cloudless skies.
Don

P.S. I've discovered the darkest time is not before dawn, despite the poet's words, but approximately when the sun is at its nadir. Several nights of readings all show a "U" shaped curve of sky brightness. I guess it's a "U", rather than a "V" because many businesses have their lights on timers that click off about 2am, so the light contribution from nearby cities continues to diminish even though the sky in the east is getting lighter.

--------------------
Don Pensack
12.5" Truss Dob, 5" Maksutov
Sustaining Lifetime IDA member, TeleVue junkie


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Carol L

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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #883936 - 03/23/06 11:28 PM

Yeah, it's a pretty good sign there's clouds overhead when all the stars are gone.
You're making me wonder something, though.. what does it register if you're in a totally dark room at night, like a windowless closet?

Don, thanks for all of your help and Rodger, thanks for starting this discussion. If I wind up getting one of these gadgets you'll probably see this thread bob up to the top again with my questions (my son was SO right when he said I'm technologically impaired ).

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ph2
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: Starman1]
      #883991 - 03/24/06 12:09 AM Attachment (50 downloads)

Quote:

I think we need to have an easy way to measure the extinction factor





I have calculated an extinction factor by using the Sky Quality Meter itself.

Wednesday was a sunny day in Aalborg with a blue sky, excellent transparency and clean air. So I decided to test the concept - with the SQM and the sun.

The attachment shows my measurements of the sun through a density 5 solar-filter from noon to sunset. The result is, as you can see, that the sun appears dimmer, when it gets closer to the horizon.



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ph2
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Reged: 11/28/05
Posts: 103
Loc: Aalborg, Denmark
Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: ph2]
      #883998 - 03/24/06 12:18 AM Attachment (46 downloads)

time to do some math ...

The atmosphere, the light has to pass through before it reaches us, can be calculated by using the following approximation:

air-mass = 1/sin(h), where h = altitude of the object above the horizon.

some examples:

h = 90° (zenith) : 1 air-mass
h = 30° : 2
h = 14,48° : 4
h = 0° (horizon) : infinity (formula not valid close to the horizon).



The attachment to this post shows my brightness measurements of the sun now as a function of calculated air-mass (the altitude of the sun above the horizon at any given location can be calculated with the help from a planetarium program).

The dotted line in the graph is the best straight line thought the points found by Excel as: Y=0.1889*X + 11.803.

Those two coefficients have a physical meaning. 11.803 is the solar brightness my SQM + filter would measure without an atmosphere ... and the coefficient 0.1889 is in fact the extinction factor!


The conclusion is that the extinction factor in Aalborg (at sea level) is 0.2 on a day with a pure blue sky!


text about calibration edited and moved to my next post

Edited by ph2 (03/24/06 06:36 AM)


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Starman1
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Re: Received my new Sky Quality Meter; NOW WHAT?! new [Re: ph2]
      #884088 - 03/24/06 01:53 AM