2) The color match in the experiments that used both eyes looking at different targets (one being a CRT) is fundamentally flawed. One cannot have dark-adapted vision when staring at a CRT screen.
No. It is explained: one eye was dark adapted and the other is looking to the crt (with light shielding). It is a establisghed methodology (haploscope http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploscope). Do you really think they might have been so naive? T
Perhaps. Especially if they weren't experienced astronomers.
If the dark-adapted eye is the dominant eye, perception would be different than if the dark-adapted eye was not.
Also, comparing a bright and dim image simulataneously may change the response in the dark-adapted eye. Was that taken into account? Can one have one dark-adapted eye and one not dark-adapted? I'm not sure it's possible because of sharing of information from the retinas (remember, not all of the data goes to the opposite side of the brain--it's shared between the hemispheres).
Without backup experiments to determine the viability of this experimental model, it is likely to be, as I said, fundamentally flawed.
-------------------- Don Pensack
12.5" Truss Dob, 5" Maksutov
Sustaining Lifetime IDA member, TeleVue junkie