The effect of the prism diagonal. It just shifts the red focus closer to the objective. Most simple ED doublets are designed in such way: an optimal color correction shifted towards blue-violet in trade-off of the correction in red - according to a night time vision sensitivity shift. With such correction violet is much less pronounced. This gives us a feeling of better color correction. But this is only feeling. Prism diagonal just return color correction to a better optimum. Nothing magical.
Clive, I think you never saw how a Chromacor and SAFIX do their job in image improvement.