A Hypo that I built and tested in the smaller aperture range, 3inch, one that could be made by enthusiasts and as a school science project. D=76.2. F/L= 2436mm, at F=31. focal reduction bino OG f/l= 330mm. d bino OG=50mm, (can be smaller), L, sep main OG from bino og 780mm. back focus results as 255mm, can vary. final F/ratio 5.1. Power using 25mm Plossl,= X17. with 10mm plossl = X51. The image quality using the low power is color free, the higher power LCA very small and faint, it compares very well with a standard 3inch refractor. There are no folding flats, just straight transmission, the total scope length from eyepiece to OG lens cell= 46 Inches!! The high quality of this refractor belies the OSLO analysis. See images.